Know how to calculate the amount of chromosomes in mitotic cells and in gamete cells, when given an amount of the chromosome number for one of the two types of cells. For example, a fruit fly has 8 chromosomes or 4 pairs of chromosomes in its wing cells, how many chromosomes will be in each egg cell?

a- all cells come from pre-existing cells

you didn't give any options but heres what i can tell you: an inference is likely to change based on additional observations. the latter is something that you have seen or sensed using your sensory organs while the former is like a conclusion out from what you have observed.

ans.

dna fingerprinting is defined as a process that determines the dna characteristics of an individual. these dna characteristics are unique among individuals as their fingerprints, so it is known as dna fingerprinting.

steps of dna fingerprinting includes extraction of dna from sample, amplification of dna, restriction digestion of amplified dna, and then analysis of dna by gel electrophoresis, respectively.

thus, the next step performed by the scientist is 'to cut the amplified dna (obtained by polymerase chain reaction) by restriction enzymes that cleave the dna into fragments and their analysis.'

air enters through the nose, moves through the nasal cavity, the pharynx, the larynx, enters the trachea, moves through the bronchi andbronchioles till the alveoli.