Life course theories integrate personal, social, socialization, situational, and cognitive factors to explain human behavior. personality and intelligence are factors that can explain the onset and continuation of criminality.

I believe the answer is: Personal factors

In this context, personal factors refers to influences for us to do a certain behavior that come from the individuals rather than the environment.

For example, People with higher intelligence on average tend to communicate on a faster rate compared to people with normal language. This make it harder for them to socialize, which lead to them making less effort to form human relationships with other.