Why did it take 4 years to ratify the articles of confederation?

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.

well, i can't read it so i'll ask you questions about it : )

if you were a reader and you read the introduction, would you want to read more?

does it start with a question? if so, is it something you would want to read about?

and ask any friends or family for their opinion : )