According to Erikson, when parents are over- or undercontrolling, the outcome is a child who . A) feels self-confident B) acts competently on his own C) asserts his independence D) feels forced and shamed

The correct answer is letter D

Erikson's theory of identity has acquired special relevance in the field of psychology. According to this author, “identity is a subsystem of the ego and designates its function: to establish a balance between one's own demands and social ones”. In other words, according to Erikson, identity turns out to be a bridge between the self and the environment. Identity is built through the need of the individual to delimit himself from the environment that surrounds him. This separation, which provides for the formation of individual identity, is a condition for the formation of solidarity in relation to the groups to which the individual belongs, and also for the establishment of intimate relationships.

In addition to the social aspect of identity that he highlights, Erikson also attaches importance to genetic aspects. During growth, the feeling of inner unity increases, the human being acquires the capacity for reflection and for the realization of projects.

The author describes eight stages of psychosocial development, which are distinguished through developmental tasks and a typical psychosocial conflict.

According to Erikson's thesis, the typical conflict of the adolescence phase is the construction of an identity vs confusion / diffusion.

Frey and Hausser interpret the notion of identity proposed by Erikson as a result of a reflection in which various contents of the lived experiences are brought together and linked in an adjusted way in a defined structure. In this way, a continuity in the identity of the individual is built. For Erikson, identity has to be a “subjective feeling of similarity and strengthening continuity”.

the boundarys like convergent divergent and transform it causes subduction