What are the dangers of optimism or, conversely, of skepticism? How do you see these two theories operating in Candide?

The danger of optimism is to see things in a way they are not. It is dangerous because t can't fool someone into thinking things are working out when they are not.

Skepticism can lead to apathy. When a person does not believe in what other people say they cannot relate to one and other. A extreme skeptical postition would lead no a very difficult way of leaving.

Candice at first sustained a very optimistic position, and after all the tragedes he started being skeptcical to the optmisitc position. This allowed her to questioned what he believed before.

Explanation:

Candide is an example of an optimistic person. A lot of terrible things happened to him and to his loved ones, and despite that, he still believed things are good. Loosing his friends and being beat up among other things. He wanted to believe in Pantagon's theory of optimism and he did, until he couldn't any more.

After some time in the plot, reason comes to him and he thinks of optimism as a mania of seening good when things are actually pretty bad.

Candice is a innocent and naive person, his optimism made him like this. An extreme optimistic position can lead to a naive postition in life.

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panem is a communist totalitarian dictatorship where all the resources and how they are allocated belongs to the capitol. the districts exist only to provide goods and services for the capital and most of the citizens live in poverty. it is a police state where the "peacekeepers" use force and threats to keep the people under control. dissent is outlawed and those who disobey the law are executed, flogged, or turned into avoxes. the games are another means in which the ruling elite in the capitol exert their power over the districts. when reading the books i drew parallels between panem and the soviet union and north korea. in no way is panem capitalist. the people in the capitol are wealthy but the majority of them are involved in the government somehow. it was the same way in the former soviet union where bigwigs in the communist party and high ranking government officials were given access to goods, services, medical treatments not available to the general public. if you think panem has a capitalist economy you need to brush up on your economics.