Alfonso lopez, jr., a 12th-grade student at edison high school in san antonio, texas, arrived at school on march 10, 1992, carrying a concealed .38 caliber handgun and five bullets. he was arrested and charged with a violation of the federal gun-free school zones act of 1990. lopez moved to dismiss his indictment under this law because the law is beyond the power of congress to act. lopez was found guilty and sentenced to six months' imprisonment. he appealed and the fifth circuit court of appeals agreed with lopez, finding the law to be an unconstitutional exercise of congressional power, and reversed the conviction because a. the power to regulate economic activity is given to the executive branch of government alone, so congress has no power to regulate. b. congress has the power to regulate all economic activity under the commerce clause. c. carrying a gun is not an economic activity, so congress has no power to regulate it under the commerce clause. d. congress has the power to regulate any activity with an impact on interstate commerce, even if it is not commercial in nature.