Why do they use (x-1) instead of x, why?

Leo has b boxes of pencils. each box contains 6 pencils. he has a total of 42 pencils. the equation that represents this situation the value of b that makes the equation true the first one is b+6=42,6b=42,b=42+6,or 42b=6 the second one are 7,836 48

Anormally distributed data set has a mean of 176.3 and a standard deviation of 4.2. what is the approximate z-score for the data value of 167.9? 2.00 −2.00 8.4 −8.4

Some boys and girls were asked if they had a pet. one third of the group were boys. there were 20 boys. 20% of the girls had a pet. boys with a pet : girls with a pet = 1 : 5 i need to know how many girls there are.