How did use of the vernacular affect the spread of humanism in europe? the vernacular artists create and distribute works that patrons liked. the vernacular writers and philosophers reach wider audiences. the vernacular scholars collect and study classical literature. the vernacular politicians and businessmen maintain power.

the story goes that because of this belief, constantine was able to defeat his foes. constantine became an ardent1 christian. christianity and other religions were tolerated under constantine's rule. constantine also was responsible for the building of a great cathedral in rome.

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although the crusades failed to capture jerusalem, they had several major impacts on western europe. they increased the authority of the king: sometimes nobles died in battle without leaving an heir in which case the king got their land. kings passed taxes to pay for the crusades.