It began with Wal-Mart working to keep the costs of their company as low as possible. This idea moved from their company to their suppliers as they asked them to be as frugal as possible. As the company grew in size, they began looking for every way to wring out the last penny of savings from materials, packaging, labor, transportation, and display. The result was “the Wal-Mart effect.” This business model reflected the problems associated with globalization commonly cited by critics because id depends on manufacturers making the cheapest products, and those manufactures are found all over the world, leading to a global business model. And if one of the processes in any part of the world shut down or stopped working it would affect the other parts of the world involved with it.