Please Help! What African empire fought off the Italians, maintaining their independence? Why were they successful
when almost all of Africa was not?

The Battle of Adwa was a battle between Ethiopia and the Italian colonial army. Ethiopia was one of the only African empires that maintained their independence, so yes, they were successful in the battle, because of their advanced weapons and ability to adapt to the advancement of the Europeans

the real answer is b

the answer is false.