2. How well does Tugend maintain a tight focus on her topic in this report? Given the claim she makes in her title, why might a tightly focused topic be especially important for helping readers understand the issue?

im not entirely sure what you're asking.

i believe it is the first choice (1.)

because the major theme is(“both the wild and civilization have rules.”)

and also as u said,( based on what buck learns within the call of the wild, "both the wild and civilization have rules".this is true of humans within society as well.

the most appropriate strategy would be to do a questions and answer type speech.