Compared to those who only speak one language, people who speak two languages are typically better able to perform complex processes and are less likely to experience symptoms of dementia. these cognitive benefits of speaking multiple languages occurs as a result of

Theses cognitive benefits of speaking multiple languages occurs as a result of LANGUAGE CO-ACTIVATION.

Explanation:

Language co-activation is the process whereby a bilingual or multilingual individual's brain even when using one language maintains the active parts of the brain associated with the other language/languages. For example, an English & French speaking lady even while speaking French, her brain would still maintain the active parts of her English language.

Language co-activation has the benefits of higher rate of sensory perception leading to improved brain structure. The process of language co-activation is automatic leading the brain being able to perform complex processes and reduce likelihood of experiencing dementia.