Since the beginning of time, some people have believed that the earth is flat. beginning around 300 b. c., however, some began to wonder if the earth is actually spherical in shape. those that favored the flat earth theory made the following observations: the earth is stable because it is a flat landmass sandwiched between a flat layer of air and a flat layer of water. if the earth is spherical, then oceans should be curved on top, but they aren't. some rivers flow for hundreds of miles but only fall a few feet. the rivers should fall farther if the earth is spherical. if the earth is spherical, people and animals that inhabit the earth would notice as they walked along its surface. since mariners are able to use flat compasses to navigate their ships without crashing, the earth must not be a sphere. those that disputed the flat earth theory countered the claim by observing that christopher columbus was able to sail around the earth without falling off the edge and later, by presenting satellite imagery taken from space of a spherical earth. this example demonstrates that a. scientific knowledge is unattainable. b. argumentation is a necessary part of scientific inquiry. c. it is easy to resolve a scientific argument. d. it is not possible to settle a dispute.

The correct answer will be option-B.

Explanation:

A scientific investigation is based on the systematic procedure to understand and explain the scientific question related to the natural phenomenon.

A scientific question before considering it as an objective question with one real answer is considered a subjective question.  This subjectivity leads to different opinions of the scientific people which leads to the arguments in the scientific method.

This argumentation is the necessary component of the scientific investigation as it provides various hypothesis related to the scientific questions which have to be proved. Out of this hypothesis, only one hypothesis explains the phenomenon in depth.

Therefore in the given question opinions related to the shape of the earth over time has shown that argumentation is a part of the scientific method.

Thus, option-B is the correct answer.

pre-sliced bread is a relatively recent development in baking technology. previous to that, it was always sold in a bakery in daily-made contiguous loaves with no wrapping, and was moderately perishable, usually being used with a day or two (which is why every bakery had a discounted “day-old” bread table.) therefore, pre-sliced bread would grow stale quickly. the hard crust provided a protective layer, and once the exposed dry slice left from the previous cut was removed, the interior was still soft.

what keeps bread soft is the moisture retained in the crumb (the light spongy part that’s not crust). the reason the crust develops is the surface of the dough gets exposed to hot dry air during baking which browns the outer layer and seals it, preventing all the moisture from escaping the dough. longer exposure to air will also eventually cause your bread to lose flavor and become stale.

people were used to cutting slices as they needed them and storing bread in a specially-made wooden or metal breadbox or pail with a lid to preserve it longer, but the first automatically sliced commercial loaves were produced on july 6, 1928, in chillicothe, missouri, using a machine invented by otto rohwedder, an iowa-born, missouri-based jeweler.[1] pre-sliced bread would indeed dry out, were it not for another 20th century technology: the plastic bag. bread could now be pre-sliced, and if the enclosing bag remains sealed as much as possible, the bread will remain soft and fresh for longer than if sitting unwrapped on a shelf or enclosed in a bread box that is not air-tight. sealed packaging meant bread could also be sold on store shelves and eliminate frequent trips to a bakery.

sealing bread in a plastic bag had another effect: the moisture in the loaf will re-distribute into the crust and soften it, which is sometimes more pleasing in a sandwich - especially for children whose teeth might not yet be strong enough to tear through a hard crust. a homemade loaf of bread can be sealed in a bag overnight and the crust will become soft like store-bought sandwich bread.

these were novel changes in how bread was produced and sold, which led to the coining of the phrase “the greatest thing since sliced bread.”