Chemistry, 11.08.2021 18:00 kbarnes22

A) Define typical polyfunctional acid ? b) Show the equations of dissociation mechanism of phosphoric acid as an example.

c) Write the equation for calculating the [H3O*].

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Answer from: dylan2741

a) A polyfunctional acid is an acid that has more than one functional group.

b) The equations of dissociation of phosphoric acid are:

H₃PO₄ + H₂O ⇄ H₂PO₄⁻ + H₃O⁺ H₂PO₄⁻ + H₂O ⇄ HPO₄²⁻ + H₃O⁺ HPO₄²⁻ + H₂O ⇄ PO₄³⁻ + H₃O⁺

c) The equation for calculating the concentration of H₃O⁺ is $[H_{3}O^{+}] = (\frac{K_{1}K_{2}K_{3}[H_{3}PO_{4}]}{[PO_{4}^{-3}]})^{1/3}$

a) A polyfunctional acid can be defined as an acid that has more than one functional group. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) is an example of polyfunctional acid since it is composed of three hydroxyl groups joined to a phosphorus atom, which is also joined to an oxygen atom by a double bound. In that structure, the three hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl groups give the acidic behavior to this compound.

b) Phosphoric acid has three equations of dissociation:

H₃PO₄ + H₂O ⇄ H₂PO₄⁻ + H₃O⁺ (1)H₂PO₄⁻ + H₂O ⇄ HPO₄²⁻ + H₃O⁺ (2)HPO₄²⁻ + H₂O ⇄ PO₄³⁻ + H₃O⁺ (3)

The dissociation constants for the three above equations are:

$K_{1} = \frac{[H_{2}PO_{4}^{-}][H_{3}O^{+}]}{[H_{3}PO_{4}]}$ (4)

$K_{2} = \frac{[HPO_{4}^{2-}][H_{3}O^{+}]}{[H_{2}PO_{4}^{-}]}$ (5)

$K_{3} = \frac{[PO_{4}^{3-}][H_{3}O^{+}]}{[HPO_{4}^{2-}]}$ (6)

c) We can calculate the concentration of H₃O⁺ for each equilibrium with the equations (4), (5), and (6).

The general reaction of dissociation of phosphoric acid is given by the sum of equations (1), (2), and (3):

H₃PO₄ + 3H₂O ⇄ PO₄³⁻ + 3H₃O⁺ (7)

The concentration of H₃O⁺ for the total dissociation reaction (eq 7) can be found as follows:

$K_{t} = \frac{[PO_{4}^{-3}][H_{3}O^{+}]^{3}}{[H_{3}PO_{4}]}$ (8)

Where:

$K_{t} = K_{1}*K_{2}*K_{3}$

Hence, by knowing the dissociation constants K₁, K₂ and K₃, and the concentrations of PO₄³⁻ and H₃PO₄, the [H₃O⁺] is:

$[H_{3}O^{+}] = (\frac{K_{1}K_{2}K_{3}[H_{3}PO_{4}]}{[PO_{4}^{-3}]})^{1/3}$

You can find more about acid dissociation constant in the link:

I hope it helps you!

Answer from: Quest

answer: i would say b.

explanation:

Answer from: Quest

ill try to . no promises tho.

explanation:

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