How is the sun related to nuclear electromagnetic and heat energy?

Place the elements below in order of decreasing ionization energy. aluminum(al) chlorine(cl) magnesium (mg) sulfur(s)

Question 3(multiple choice worth 4 points) (04.04 lc) what does it mean when an element is reduced? it empties a valance shell, reducing its atomic radius. it gains electrons, reducing its overall charge. it increases electronegativity, reducing its ability to bond. it loses electrons, reducing its electron number.

Kp is the equilibrium constant for dissociation of the propionic acid dimer. what is the sign of the slope for a plot of the natural logarithm of kp vs. inverse temperature for this reaction?