(minimum liquid rate for absorption)! a packed tower is to be designed for the absorption of 98% of the ammonia(a) from an air-ammonia mixture containing 4% ammonia at a rate of 4200 nm (normal cubic metre) per hour using water as the solvent. the tower operates at 105.1 kpa and 303 k. the equilibrium data for nh3-water system at 303 k [sherwood, t. k., ind. eng. chem., 17(1925) 745] are given below: partial pressure of nh, (mm hg) 19.3 29.6 40.1 51.0 79.5 110 kg nh, per 100 kg water 3 4 5 7.5 10 (a) calculate and plot the equilibrium data as xa vs. pa, xa vs. ya and xa vs. ya . up to what value of pnh3 can the henry's law be used to describe the equilibrium? (b) calculate the minimum liquid rate for the absorption (the inlet water is nh3-free).

vanderwaal's forces of attraction are the electrostatic intermolecular forces that exist in a molecule due to the temporary or permanent dipoles that are developed in a molecule. in , the major intermolecular forces are dipole-dipole interactions as the molecule is polar (bent structure). so the vanderwaal's forces of interaction in between molecules are the permanent dipole-dipole interactions that develop due to the dipole that exists in between the polar h - s bond. the positively charged hydrogen atom is attracted towards the negative end of the dipole that is sulfur of the adjacent molecule. therefore, these forces of attraction are relatively stronger than that of london dispersion forces that exist in non polar molecules.

a pan containing water is placed in a positio n where it is exposed to a 10 mile per hour wind. the pan contains a uniform depth of 1.27 cm of water, is quite wide, and has a length of 2.44 m in the wind direction. the water in the pan is at a constant temperature of 15.5 °c.

ca has a crystalline lattice with positive ions (since it is a metal, metals are positively charged) and electrons flow freely in its structure since the ca atoms have a large nuclear radius so the electrons are not tightly held, therefore the electrons can flow freely since they are not being highly attracted by the nucleus. moreover, one of the properties of metals are that they are conductors of electricity, thus proving ca is the element.