If an individual has an extra chromosome in every one of its cells, what mutation must have occurred? (1 point)

a non-disjunction mutation in the gamete of one of the parents

a non-disjunction in both gametes of the parents

a non-disjunction in one of the first gamete cells of the individual

a non-disjunction mutation in body cells of both parents

African penguins, which inhabit the coasts of southern africa, were classified as an endangered species in 2010. two significant threats to their survival are ecosystem damage from oil spills and overfishing by humans. overfishing depletes the food supply of african penguins. the best method to reduce the threat of overfishing would be to . the risk of oil spills could be reduced by increasing the use of , which should oil consumption. if an oil spill does occur, could be used to remove the oil so the ecosystem may more quickly recover.