Asilver wire 2.6 mm in diameter transfers a charge of 420 cin 80 min. silver contains 5.8 x 10^{28} free electrons per cubic meter.
what is the current in the wire?
what is the magnitude of the drift velocity of the electronsin the wire?

1) Current in the wire: 0.0875 A

The current in the wire is given by:

where

Q is the charge passing a given point in the conductor

t is the time elapsed

In this problem, we have

Q = 420 C is the total charge passing through a given point in a time of

t = 80 min = 4800 s

So, the current is

2) Drift velocity of the electrons:

The drift velocity of the electrons in the wire is given by:

where

I = 0.0875 A is the current

is the number of free electrons per cubic meter

A is the cross-sectional area

is the charge of one electron

The radius of the wire is

So the cross-sectional area is

So, the drift velocity is

carbon is found in all living things. carbon atoms move constantly through

living organisms, the oceans, the atmosphere, and the earth’s crust in what is

known as the carbon cycle. the directions taken by carbon atoms through this

cycle are very complicated and can take millions of years to make a full circle.

all animals, from humans to the dinosaurs are part of the carbon cycle. when

animals eat food, they get carbon in the form of carbohydrates and proteins.

in animals, oxygen combines with food in the cells to produce energy for daily

activity and then gives off carbon. the carbon combines with oxygen to form

carbon dioxide (co2) and is released back into the atmosphere as a waste

product when animals breathe and exhale.

from 145-65 million years ago, earth was much

hotter than today and covered with dense,

tropical swamp forests. the trees and other

plants were immense and

provided an endless supply of

food for the giant animals that

roamed the land. somewhere in

the air above one of these

forests, a lone carbon atom has joined

up with two oxygen atoms to form a molecule of co2.

the co2 molecule was sucked into the tiny holes (stomata) on the leaf of a

fern plant and joined with sunlight, chlorophyll and water to make food and

energy in the plant’s cells through photosynthesis. the oxygen (o2) from the

co2 molecule was sent back into the atmosphere; the carbon atom (c) was

detached and used to make a molecule of sugar.

if that carbon atom had been eaten instead, a totally

different situation would have developed. let’s say

that a giant plant-eating dinosaur (herbivore) ate the

fern for breakfast, and swallowed the carbon in the

fern in the form of carbohydrates and proteins. in

the process of respiration, oxygen combined with

the carbohydrates and proteins in the dinosaur’s cells

to provide energy for its daily activity.  

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