How does ovolution lead to both biodiversity and commonalities among
life?

Evolution leads to biodiversity by changing the genetic code of organisms. When evolution leads to biodiversoty its called natural selection. It slowly decreases the popluation of organisms that are less adapted to survive in the world, and increas the population of more strong and adaptable organisms.

For example if there is a pink bird and a white bird, the white bird's population will increase due to its adaptation of camoflauge, and the pink bird will die out because it will be spotted by predators easily. Therefore the species of the white bird will become more common

Explanation:

affects the water bodies: excessive use of fertilizers causes eutrophication. the fertilizers which are used on plants affect the quality of land on which it is used, further causing erosion of soil. the fertilizers used on plants contain harmful chemical fumes which affect the environment.