What is the theory of natural selection, and why does it occur in an organism? Give an example.

It occurs in organisms because an organism with a beneficial trait/mutation have a higher chnace of surviving compared to organisms that do not. So the organsims that do survive pass on their genes to the next generation, and the bext generation will pass on those genes to the generation after and so on. But all the organisms that do not possess a beneficial trait/mutations will not survive, therefore they cannot reproduce and pass on those genes to their offspring. This means that most of the population will posses that trait/mutation.

Example: Spotted moths camouflage with bark so they are seen by predators and eaten. Black moths are easily seen by predators and are eaten. Spotted moths then pass on their genes to the next generation of moths.

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