Describe the process of photosynthesis, including a brief description of the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. Be sure to include the materials that are needed for photosynthesis, the materials produced by photosynthesis, and the role of ATP in photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.