1. The chart below gives two examples of atoms bonded together to form

molecules. Identify the type of bond formed by each molecule. Describe the difference between these two types of bonds.

Molecule #1

C-C

Molecule #2

Na-CI

Explanation:

A bond is a form of attraction or energy that is responsible to hold the two or more atoms. So on the basis of the formation of the bonds, they may be classified as a covalent bond, ionic bonds, coordinate bond and some other. When the bond formation takes place due to the sharing of electron then such bonds are known as covalent bonds such as in the case of given molecule C-C. In this molecule, a single bond is present between two carbon atoms that are formed due to the sharing of electrons by each atom so covalent bond.

     In the case of Na-Cl molecule, there is an ionic bond that is formed due to the donation and acceptance of the electrons. In this molecule, the Na atom loses one electron and thus becomes a positive ion. Cl accepts one electron and becomes negative and thus both positive and negative ions are attracted and thus ionic bond or electrostatic bond is formed.

the answer that best describes the relative refractory period in the neuron is the resting membrane potential is restored, but concentrations of sodium and potassium are not restored to their original state.

the refractory period is the time during which another stimulus given to the neuron will not lead to a second potential. thus, because na+ channels are inactivated during this time, additional depolarizing stimuli do not lead to new action potentials.  

read more on -