1. A(n) is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment. factors are nonliving factors that make up an environment. factors are living factors that make up an environment. 2. A(n) is an individual living thing, such as a plant, an animal, or a bacterium. 3. A(n) is a group of individuals of the same species living in a particular geographic area. 4. A(n) consists of all of the organisms that live in the same area at the same time. 5. A(n) consists of all of the abiotic and biotic factors in an area.

Monarch butterflies have brightly colored orange wings with black patterns on them, making them easily visible to birds that eat butterflies and moths, yet birds rarely eat the monarchs. likewise, the monarch caterpillars are brightly striped yellow and white and black, and they also are rarely eaten by birds, although some wasps will attack them and feed them to their young. what can be inferred from these observations? monarchs must threaten and attack birds, but not wasps. monarchs have a way of discouraging bird predation that does not involve hiding. monarchs’ wings are so colorful that most birds must find them difficult to eat. monarchs lay more eggs than other less conspicuous butterflies.