Read the passage from Sugar Changed the World. What kind of inference can the reader make about the
importance of sugar in the late nineteenth century?
My great-grandparents had come from India to Guyana
-then British Guiana-in the late nineteenth century to
work on the sugar plantations. Sugar was the backbone
of the British Empire at that time. The demand was huge,
for sugar had gone from being a luxury that only kings
could afford to a necessity. Even the poorest of London
shopgirls took sugar in their tea.
Slavery was abolished in the British Empire in 1833,
thirty years before the Emancipation Proclamation in the
United States. But even after they freed their slaves, the
sugar plantation owners were desperate to find cheap
labor to cut cane and process sugar. So the British
owners looked to another part of the empire—India—and
recruited thousands of men and women, who were given
five-year contracts and a passage back.
O Sugar was central to people's daily lives, work, and
economy.
O Sugar cane plantation owners needed cheap labor
after the enslaved were freed.
O Sugar cane is a labor intensive crop to grow and
harvest.
O Sugar was a necessity enjoyed by the poorest
shopgirls to the richest kings.

A. Sugar was central to people’s daily lives, work, and economy.

Explanation:

Slavery was abolished in the British Empire in 1833, thirty years before the Emancipation Proclamation in the United States. But even after they freed their slaves, the sugar plantation owners were desperate to find cheap labor to cut cane and process sugar. So the British owners looked to another part of the empire—India—and recruited thousands of men and women, who were given five-year contracts and a passage back.

so that means

My great-grandparents had come from India to Guyana—then British Guiana—in the late nineteenth century to work on the sugar plantations. Sugar was the backbone of the British Empire at that time. The demand was huge, for sugar had gone from being a luxury that only kings could afford to a necessity. Even the poorest of London shopgirls took sugar in their tea.

in conclusion

the backbone of the British Empire at that time. The demand was huge, for sugar had gone from being a luxury that only kings could afford to a necessity. Even the poorest of London shopgirls took sugar in their tea. the sugar plantation owners were desperate to find cheap labor to cut cane and process sugar. So the British owners looked to another part of the empire—India—and recruited thousands of men and women, who were given five-year contracts and a passage back.

the answer to the question is punishment. or more specifically, positive punishment.

positive punishment occurs when a behavior is given a negative consequence for the individual doing the behavior.

sara no longer wants to ask questions (the behavior) because she is ridiculed by mr. smith (the punishment).

reinforcement is inaccurate because reinforcement always gives positive consequences for the individual doing the behavior, be it by introducing a pleasant consequence or removing an unpleasant one.