1+4= ur favorite number​

According to the elements of style, which sentence is written in active voice?

47. a student is frightened by a loud noise, which results in a hormone being released into the blood. the hormone causes the student's heart to beat rapidly. the two systems that work together to cause this reaction are the endo- crine system that secretes the hormone and the (1) nervous system (3) excretory system (2) reproductive system (4) digestive system

Samantha is drawing a graph to understand what jim is explaining. which phase of the communication process is samantha carrying out?