What is the meaning of the word appalled based on its context in this excerpt from charles dickens's a christmas carol?
scrooge started back, appalled. having [innocence and want] shown to him in this way, he tried to say they were fine children, but the words choked themselves, rather than be parties to a lie of such enormous magnitude.
a dishonored
b horrified
c lightened
d quickly

jordan, an arab nation on the east bank of the jordan river, is defined by ancient monuments, nature reserves and seaside resorts. it’s home to the famed archaeological site of petra, the nabatean capital dating to around 300 b.c. set in a narrow valley with tombs, temples and monuments carved into the surrounding pinksandstone cliffs, petra earns its nickname, the "rose city."

travelers to  jordan  should avoid the country's border with syria and iraq given the continued threat of cross-border attacks.