As amanda analyzed the audience for her speech about organic foods, she focused on such things as their gender, age, and cultural background. in doing so, she was engaging in audience analysis.

I believe the answer is: Demographic audiences analysis

demographic audience analysis refers to the process of collecting data from potential market from various age, gender, race, religion, economic status, etc in order to find out their pattern of behavior.
 The result from : Demographic audiences analysis could be used to create advertising strategies that target specific demographic.