Jill wants to know more about how democratic a society is. when she begins her study, she defines the level of democracy as the proportion of people who are able to participate in popular elections. with this definition, jill has the variable "level of democracy."

Jill has operationalized the variable “level of democracy”. Operationalize is being defined as a way of measuring a phenomenon that is not directly measurable. They are likely to define terms of the operations in a way or proving a certain thing in which Jill is demonstrating in the scenario.

hygrometers and hair thermometers (often found as part of hygrometers/psychrometers) can be used to measure humidity. barometers are used to measure atmospheric pressure, while anemometers are used to measure wind speed. so the 2nd and 4th choices should be the correct answers.