To remember the key terms used to describe pavlov's conditioning a dog to salivate to a bell, joshua vividly imagined that he was an experimental subject in pavlov's laboratory and that dr. pavlov was conditioning him to salivate. joshua was using to encode the information into long-term memory.

most cajuns resided in acadiana, where their descendants are still predominant

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.