Imani analyzed data and found that explicitly teaching reading strategies improves students' performance on standardized tests. in this study, explicit teaching of reading strategies is:

In this study, explicit teaching of reading strategies is independent variable.I Independent variable is a variable that does not depend and isn't changed by the other variables you are trying to measure.
Students performance on standardized tests on the other hand is dependent variable, because it is changed by other variable (the teaching strategies and reading strategies. )

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