Read the excerpt from "an indian's view of indian affairs."some of you think an indian is like a wild animal. this is a great mistake. i will tell you all about our people, and then you can judge whether an indian is a man or not. which central idea of the speech is most supported by this excerpt? the nez percé people seek to preserve their valued cultural traditions. the nez percé people hope to reduce conflict between the indians. the nez percé people adhere strongly to human values and morals. the nez percé people want the new settlers to better understand them.

The central idea of the speech which is most supported by the excerpt above is the Nez percé people want the new settlers to better understand them. The correct answer is the last option.  

EXPLANATION

In 1879, Chief Joseph and the Nez Percés (Indian tribe) held a demonstration in Washington, DC. In a speech, Chief Joseph told the story of the resistance of the Indian people who were forced to sign treaties on their ancestral lands and then forced to flee to places that are far from their homeland. This speech is known as "The Indian’s View of Indian Affairs".

Chief Joseph who had another name: Joseph the Younger or Young Joseph, was born with a different name, Hin-mah-too-yah-lat-kekt. He was a leader of Wal -lam-wat-kain (Wallowa) from Nez Percé, an American Indian tribe in the Northwest Pacific. Chief Joseph led in the second half of the 19th century, replacing his father Tuekakas, also known as Chief Joseph the Elder.

Chief Joseph led Nez Percé during the most turbulent times in their history. Yet, the federal government of the United States moved Chief Joseph and Nez Percé from Wallowa Valley, their ancestral lands. Wallowa Valley is an area in northeast Oregon. They were moved to a faraway place called Idaho area.  

A series of resistance against the whites occurred. At least 700 men, women, and children led by Joseph were chased by the U.S. Army under the leadership of General Oliver O. Howard, known as the Nez Percé War. In 1904 Joseph passed away without regaining his ancestral land.

LEARN MORE

If you’re interested in learning more about this topic, we recommend you to also take a look at the following questions:

• How would the meaning of "An Indian's View of Indian Affairs" most likely have been affected had Chief Joseph adopted a tone of resentment instead

KEYWORD: Nez Percé, Chief Joseph, American Indian  

Subject: Social Studies

Class: 10-12

Subchapter: The Indian’s View of Indian Affairs

The central idea that is the most supported by the excerpt is: the nez percé people want the new settlers to better understand them.

During the earlier years of settlement, new settlers often refer to the indian as a savage or wild animals simply because their people have different cultures.  The indians than took an initiative to invite the settlers into their community and try to change their judgement regarding their views on the indians.

clearcutting reproduces a new even-aged stand by completely removing the mature stand.

clearcutting as a silvicultural treatment has several characteristics:

it causes a sudden environmental change

it removes the seed source from the regeneration area

the configuration of the clearcut may affect seed dispersal

it begins a new rotation

it will eliminate some pests that require forest cover

overall, it temporarily removes the forest cover, transforming the forest community and environment.

clearcutting followed by artificial (seeded or planted) regeneration has several advantages:

we can avoid delay in restocking the site

we can introduce a selected species, seed source, and genotype

we can control arrangement and spacing

we can achieve uniformity in the new stand

we can overcome the problems associated with securing sufficient natural regeneration.

the shelterwood method involves the removal of most of the mature stand at the end of the rotation, but a portion of the mature stand is left standing.   the shelterwood method serves three basic purposes:

to prepare the stand for production of abundant seed

to modify the environment in a way that promotes germination and survival of the selected species

to build up the amount and size of advance regeneration to ensure the prompt restocking of the new stand following overstory removal.

the shelterwood method involves a sequence of 3 cuttings:

preparatory cuttings: make the seed trees more vigorous and set the stage for regeneration. see our thinning page for more information.

establishment/seed cuttings: open up enough vacant growing space to allow establishment of the new regeneration.

removal cuttings: uncover the new crop to allow it to fill the growing space.

the residual trees in the shelterwood must:

be sturdy and windfirm

be able to survive exposure

flower and reproduce seed

be the best trees of the mature stand

keep in mind that the shelter trees must not occupy the entire site.   a void must be created in order to make room for the new regeneration. the amount of shelter to leave will depend on the following factors:

species characteristics (seeding and shelter requirements)

the number of cuttings in the cutting sequence (1, 2, or 3)

landowner objectives

the size of the area to be regenerated

the final removal harvest level required to be profitable

the shelter must be removed before it impedes the growth of the new stand or threatens its survival.