Are systematic and predictable mistakes that influence judgment and decision making.

Biases

Biases are tendencies or inclinations, particularly to form certain opinions or preferences. They are typically one-sided and do not consider other perspectives or viewpoints. They may be implicitly developed or learned within cultural contexts, especially those relating to prejudice. These biases are often unconsciously involved in our decision-making. 

In the sciences, a bias is considered a systematic error, and can arise from certain methods of processing data or taking samples.