Pretend a student wants to adopt a pet dog and finds out that the next-door-neighbor's dog just had a litter of puppies and the neighbor is giving them away for free. However, the students procrastinates and the neighbor ends up giving away all of the puppies before the student asks for one. Afterwards, the student says that it's no big deal because a puppy is hard to care for and adopting a fully-grown dog would make more sense anyway. This illustrates: