Is the puppy likely to chase the ball the next time you throw it?

Yes, especially if there is reward involved if then puppy managed to bring back the ball.
In organism with simple brains structure like dogs, Reward-based activities often become the most effective method to train your dogs to do something
This method will amplify it's effect  when you provide something to punish the dog .

Ifeel like this means that we shouldn't just live for ourselves.also, we should respect others as well as people around us. it reveals that everyone should have equalized freedom, no matter their differences: races, cultures, skin color, etc,. we all deserve the same privileges.

The best sociological research method would have to be using experiments although it has some disadvantages as well