The idea that new characteristics emerge as you go higher in biological levels is known as

The answer for this question is: emergent properties
an emergent property is a collection of a complex system that organisms will achieve as we evolve.
When we evolve, we tend to develop certain abilities that make us perform better compared to unevolved version of ourselves (in human, this development revolves around our increase in IQ)

It’s either d or b ! but it might be b

True. you know, tools like shovels.