Describe the interaction between the ming dynasty and the portuguese between 1513 and 1537.

Portugal established trading activities in China in 1513 when Jorge Alvares arrived.

In 1517 the King sent a mission and created a trade center at Nei Lingding.

Portugal and Ming Dynasty relationship gradually expanded but was deteriorated when Simão de Andrade arrived at Guangzhou in 1519. He violated their customs and laws, so Chinese people reacted by killing several Portuguese in the streets.

In 1521 the Emperor Zhengde died and the Ming Court lost interest in having relations with foreign countries.

There were two battles:

In 1521, every Portuguese vessel was confiscated and Chinese defeated a Portuguese fleet at The First Battle of Tamao

In 1522, Martim Alfonso de Merlo Coutinho was sent to establish diplomatic relations but the Chinese defeated them at The Second Battle of Tamao.

The Chinese resisted any Portuguese attempt to return. But in 1535 Portuguese Port Traders were allowed to anchor ships in Macau´s harbors and they could trade. Finally, in 1537 the Portuguese establish a little Colony at Macau to be administered by Chinese authorities.

explanation:

may i ask what challenges?

the answer is the petition of right.

explanation:

offer to of right, real demand of attesting a benefit against the english crown, the most remarkable point of reference being the petition of right of 1628, which parliament sent to charles i fussing of a movement of oversteps of law. the term also implied the framework (invalidated in 1947) by which a subject could sue the crown.   taking a gander at the frameworks used by maria amidu to make a standard in 2015 commending the 1628 petition of right, which was sent to charles i by the english parliament. at uniquely based law the crown, or the sovereign in his official cutoff, couldn't be sued in the ruler's courts. since the ruler was, really, the superior ace of those courts, coordinating value in them between his subjects, he was not subject to their ward. therefore it transformed into a preparation, at whatever point a subject's certified or individual property had come into the responsibility for ruler or his specialists without legitimate perfect, for the subject to engage the master in chamber for its recovery.