People vote when they believe it makes a difference, this means that they are more likely to participate if they have a sense of which of the following?

party loyalty
demographic factors
political socialization
political efficacy

political efficacy

Explanation:

The prediction of the US electorate vote is essentially based on three types of variables, namely political attitudes, such as party identification and liberal or conservative orientations; cultural relevance, such as religious affiliation and ethnic origin; and demographic variables such as age, gender, income level and education level. The correlations between these variables have long been established and undergo constant corrections that increase the predictive power of the resulting typologies, in which party identification undoubtedly plays the determining role.

The high number of absentee voters in elections can come from a lack of authority in the eyes of the people. The mistrust with political parties and the disappointment with the government causes the absence of voters.

answer; they are called (pebbling);

answer; silence;