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What is a country called that is technically independant but is controlled by another country

Quick using the information in the graph, one might speculate that a) w.w.i created increased job opportunities in the u.s. b) the election of president hoover in 1936 caused unemployment to decline. c) the return of soldiers following w.w.ii caused unemployment to increase in the u.s. d) the new deal programs of president roosevelt created employment opportunities in the u.s.

Which us president proposed a decimal based measurement system for the us