Powerful African states such as Ghana and Mali had strong central governments true or false​

What does the term "deforestation" mean? what landform are we studying that deforestation is impacting greatly in brazil? describe how and why this is happening. plz me!

What is one way the congress used normal legislation to affect the executive branch of government? a) congress passed laws to regulate commerce. b) congress established federal courts below the supreme court. c) congress set up agencies, departments, and offices. d) congress creates the presidency and vice presidency.

Ageneral requirement for informed consent is that no informed consent may include any exculpatory language. exculpatory language is that which waives or appears to waive any of the subject’s legal rights or releases or appears to release those conducting the research from liability for negligence. which of the following statements in a consent form is an example of exculpatory language? taking part in the research is voluntary, but if you choose to take part, you waive the right to legal redress for any research-related injuries.your participation in this research is voluntary. if you choose not to participate, or change your mind later, your decision will not affect your relationship with the researcher or your right to other services that you may be eligible for.in the event of any distress you may have related to this research, you will be given access to appropriate resources.the researcher may stop you from taking part in this research without your consent if you experience side effects that make your emotional condition worse. if you become too emotionally distressed during the research, you may have to drop out.