I’m confused I’m not really sure about these

Martha participates in a research study in order to receive extra credit for her psychology class. when she arrives in the research office she is given a can of what looks and tastes like beer, but which actually contains no alcohol. in the adjoining room martha's classmate karen is also participating in the study. karen receives a can of alcoholic beer. if the experiment was designed to test the effects of alcohol on concentration, then who is exposed to the independent variable?

Explain how the poverty level is determined. on edinuity* the possible answer may the poverty level is defined by the u.s. bureau of the census and it is determined by calculating the cost of providing an adequate diet. this number is then multiplied by three because research has indicated that poor people spend a third of their income on food.

According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition of research with human subjects? a researcher conducts a comparison of the comments made in a publicly available blog and the blogger's comments on a similar topic in a weekly magazine. undergraduate students in a field methods class are assigned a research question and asked to interview another classmate, to be followed by a class discussion on interview techniques. a cognitive psychologist enrolls undergraduate students for a computer-based study about the effect of mood on problem-solving behaviors. a researcher sets up a meeting with the superintendent of a large and diverse public school system to get data about the ethnic composition of the school system and the number of students receiving free lunches.