How did white Democrats disenfranchise African-Americans during the Jim Crow period?

Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction era in the United States, especially in Southern states, was based on a series of laws, new constitutions, and practices in the South that were deliberately used to prevent black citizens from registering to vote and voting.

Explanation:

in about winter like late november to january

answer; disconfirm the catharsis theory;