he belief that political authority should rest with the people themselves is called: equality of opportunity political equality pluralism popular sovereignty federalism

He belief that political authority should rest with the people themselves is called: popular sovereignty .

Explanation:

Popular sovereignty, also termed settler sovereignty, in U.S. archives, a provocative political theory according to which the personalities of federal provinces should choose for themselves whether their provinces would enroll the Union as vacant or slave states.

Popular sovereignty is the system that the government of a state and its administration are formed and maintained by the permission of its people, through their elected representatives.

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the arab empire adopted the muslim religion as their main belief. arabs would influence the people from the territories they invaded towards islam (the muslim belief).

nevertheless, throughout the history of the arab empire, rulers brought intellectual individuals from other religions to their centers of learning. these other foreigners included jews, christians, greeks, persians, and indians.   these resulted in the adoption of important knowledge developed by these cultures by the arabic empire. for example, the works of aristotle were translated from greek to arab and indian scientists brought the numerical concept of "zero" to the arabs.

nowadays, 93% of the arab population is muslim, which at the same time is subdivided in sects including the sunni, zaini, alawi, shia. the remaining 7% is composed mainly of christians.