2. List at least two contributions that the Torah says Abraham made to the development of Judaism. For each one, explain why this contribution is significant.

Abraham, the Jewish forefather Abraham was the first to establish the concept of a single God. He made a promise to God to journey to Canaan, and God rewarded him by making him the parent of the Jews.

It was standard practice in Abraham's time to have several gods for different elements of life. Abraham came to believe in just one God, which was crucial since it distinguished Judaism from other religions and gave it its own character.

Abraham made a contract with God in which the Jews agreed to devote their lives to God in return for God's protection of Abraham's offspring.

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1. Introduced the concept of one God.

In the time Abraham was born, it was common practice to have different gods for various aspects of life. Abraham came to believe in only one God and this was significant because it made Judaism different from the other practices and thus gave it a distinct identity.

2. Established a Covenant with God

Abraham established a covenant with God where in exchange for God protecting Abraham's descendants (Jews), the Jews would devote their selves to God.

This was significant because it gave Judaism the status of a divinely protected religion whose adherents should devote themselves to God at all times.  

"choosing is refusing" means individuals face an opportunity cost with each decision they make. economists state that every decision involves trade-offs. opportunity cost is the least desirable alternative given up as a result of a decision.