Please what is a latitude an a longitude

The imaginary lines that help define coordinates on earth. Lattitude runs side to side, longitude runs up and down.

Explanation:

classical republicanism, also known as civic humanism, is a form of republicanism  developed in the renaissance inspired by the governmental forms and writings of  classical  antiquity, especially such  classical  writers as aristotle, polybius, and cicero.

  b.

there are isolated pockets of farming, generally around rivers and oases, which are used for irrigation.