The added expense of producing one more unit of output is called the

Marginal cost

Explanation:

In economics, marginal cost is the change in the total cost that arises when the quantity produced is incremented by one unit; that is, it is the cost of producing one more unit of a good.

you would times this by how many days there are in a year 365*400=$146000

representative sample

sociologists study the world, observe a predicament or interesting design, and set out to investigate it. they use investigation methods to design a study possibly a comprehensive, detailed and precise, by using experimental method for directing research and gathering data.

to study the characteristics of the whole population, sociologist prefers to obtain the sample which is the finite part of a demographic population whose characteristics are analyzed to obtain data from statistics.

when administering with population, it can be described as a set of respondents picked from a larger population for the goal of a survey. a population could be a group of objects, people, or articles from which samples are obtained for computation of the whole population which is the aim of the sociological study.