A psychologist is working with three types of aptitude tests that may be given to prospective management trainees. In deciding how to structure the testing process, an important issue is the possibility of interaction between test takers and test type. If there was no interaction, only one type of test would be needed. Three tests of each type are given to members of each of four groups of subject type. These were distinguished by rating of poor, fair, good, and excellent in preliminary interviews. Which of the exams had the highest mean score?

Recall that in one condition of the experiment conducted by stasser and titus (1985) about student council president candidates, all group members had access to the same information, and that in another condition, members had unique information that other group members didn't know. in the second (unshared information) condition, the group made a worse decision than in the first (shared information) condition. this occurred because groups seldom can agree on who is most expert. focus discussion on the information that all members know. often ignore dissenting opinions. avoid differences of opinion, given conformity pressures.