Basic research is: a. research intended to enhance basic knowledge about the physical, biological, psychological, or social world or to shed light on historical, cultural, or aesthetic phenomena. b. large scale research performed under contract with a governmental agency such as the National Science Foundation (NSF), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), etc. c. informal research conducted locally by a small staff with a small budget, the purpose of which is to pave the way for larger research initiatives. d. research intended to address issues that have immediate relevance to current practices, procedures, and policies.