What is the difference between a formal sanction and an informal sanction

How do direct democracry and representative democary differ

Around the third week of a college class, a professor decides she’s had enough, is tired of dealing with bureaucracies, and wants out. so one day, instead of coming to class, she flies to tahiti and sells souvenirs on the beach. if this happened, the college would simply assign a substitute to finish the course. what does this tell you about the nature of the authority wielded by a professor?

Sociology of medicine refers to the study of how social factors affect