Which of the following is the definition of bias? a. When something other than the predictor variable influences the response variable in a quantitative study. b. In a quantitative study, when the predictor variable influences the response variable. c. When researchers do not accept the opinions of the research participants in a qualitative study. d. In a qualitative study, when the researchers accept the opinions of the participants. e. When the response variable is associated with the predictor variable in a qualitative study.

a. When something other than the predictor variable influences the response variable in a quantitative study.

Explanation:

A bias can be defined as the situation when something other than the predictor variable influences the response variable in a quantitative study. This ultimately implies that, a bias is considered to be a systematic error and as such is a deviation from the truth or fact which occurs when something other than the predictor variable is selected or influenced by the researcher.

Additionally, a predictor variable refers to an independent variable which is typically used to predict another variable and as such can be manipulated by the researcher in an experiment.