A small research project performed by a BSU graduate student showed that sample BSU students scored significantly higher than ISU students. Based on this study, the student assumed that she could pick any student from the BSU or ISU program and they would compare in the same way (BSU student would out perform the ISU student). This assumption is:

an ecological fallacy

Explanation:

Ecological fallacy, is also referred to as ecological inference fallacy and it is the fallacy that arises when an individual is made assumption on based on the analysis of a group.

From the analysis described above, we are told that the student assumed that she could pick any student from the BSU or ISU program and they would compare in the same way (BSU student would out perform the ISU student). This assumption is an ecological fallacy.

the most likely outcome of fewer loon territories is that hawks would increase in proportion because the benefit of victory would be greater. hawks and loons are natural rivals of resources and victories in the game, since the lakes drying up affected the loons, the hawks would be benefited from the drought.